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Calculations
 

Pond engineering information and resources.               

 

     Water (misc.)
  • 1 cubic foot water = 7.48 gallons.
  • 1 cubic foot water = 62.5 lbs.
  • 1 gallon of water weighs 8.33 lbs.
  • 1 GPM = 60 GPH
  • Double a pipe's diameter increases volume up to 4 times

    •  Temperature Converter

    		  To keep Koi, keep water quaility
       

    Enter a number in either field.

                     C: F:   

    		 
     
    FYI

    Water Hardness is a function of the amount of dissolved calcium salts, magnesium salts, iron and aluminum. The salts occur in a variety of forms but are typically calcium and magnesium bicarbonates (referred to as "temporary hardness") and sulfates and chlorides (referred to as "permanent hardness"). Just in case you forgot.
    To learn more, visit Roark's Experimental Puddle listed near the bottom under Manage Water.

     

    Liquid Conversion Tables

    Small Conversions
    Ounces  Drops Spoons Milliliters
    1 oz. 360 2 Tbsp. or 6 tsp. 30
    3/4 oz. 270 1 Tbsp. +
    1 1/2 tsp.    		 22
    1/2 oz. 180 1 Tbsp. or 3 tsp. 15
    1/3 oz. 120 2 tsp. 10
    1/4 oz. 90 1 1/2 Tbsp. 7.5
    1/5 oz. 72 1 1/3 tsp. 6
    1/6 oz. 60 1 tsp. 5
    1/8 oz. 45 3/4 tsp. 4
    1/10 oz. 36 2/3 tsp. 3
    1/12 oz. 30 1/2 tsp. 2.5
    1/16 oz. 21 1/3 tsp. 2
    1/24 oz. 15 1/4 tsp. 1.2
    1/48 oz. 7 1/8 tsp. 0.6
    . 4 1/16 tsp. 0.3

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    Large Conversions
    (U.S. Fluid) Tsp. Tbsp. Cup Pint Quart Gallon Oz. Milliliter c.c. Liter
    1 Teaspoon =  1 0.333 0.02 0.01 .005 .00125 0.166 4.9  
    1 Tablespoon =  3 1 0.66 0.03 0.0156   0.5 14.8  
    1 Cup =  48 16 1 0.5 0.13 0.06 8 236.6 0.24
    1 Pint =  96 32 2 1 0.25 0.13 16 946.3 0.47
    1 Quart =  192 64 4 2 1 0.25 32 946.3 0.95
    1 Gallon =  768 256 16 8 4 1 128 3785.3 3.785
    1 Ounce =  6 2 0.13 0.065 0.0325 0.0162 1 29.6 0.03
    1 Milliliter c.c. =  0.20 0.07 0.27 .0021 1.0816 4.3264 0.0338 1 .001
    1 Liter =  202.88 67.63 4.32 2.16 0.95 0.264 33.82 1000 1
    Est. Pond Volume 

    Pond Volume Calculator
     Length

    Feet
    Width

    Feet

    Depth

    Feet

    Total Gallons

    (L) Length (x) times (W) width (x) times (D) depth (x) times 7.48 = total gallons 
    If L = 20 feet, W = 10 feet, D = 4 feet, Then 20 x 10 = 200, then 200 x 4 = 800, Then 800 x 7.48 = 5984 total gallons of water is what the pond will hold when full.

           L x W x D = Total Cubic Feet
           Total Cubic Feet x 7.48 = Total Pond Volume

    If the depth varies, then you need to estimate the average depth.

    TIP: Read the Street Water Meter prior to and again after filling the pond. Ask others not to use water in the house while pond is filling. Street water meters usually measure Cubic feet. And you learned from the water chart located near the top that a cubic foot of water is 7.48 gallons. So the pond example here would show about 800 cubic feet on the street meter.

    Knowing the ponds volume is especially important in times of adding treatments.

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    Estimating costs to run the pump "per year." 

      Amps x 115 volts x 8,760 / 1,000 x $ kilowatt-hr = $ operating costs per year
    Watts / Voltage = Amps --  Conversions  -- Amps x Voltage = Watts

    * Find your cost for kilowatt on your monthly electric statement.

    Amps per hour the pump draws
     $0? kilowatt-hr * 1.7 amps 2.5 amps 5 amps 7.5 amps 10 amps
    $0.050  $ 86 $ 125  $ 250  $ 375  $ 500
    $0.075  $ 129 $ 188  $ 375  $ 563  $ 750
    $0.100  $ 172 $ 250  $ 500  $ 750  $ 1,000
    $0.125  $ 214 $ 313  $ 625  $ 938  $ 1,250
    $0.150  $ 257 $ 375  $ 750  $ 1,125  $ 1,500
    $0.175  $ 300 $ 438  $ 875  $ 1,313  $ 1,750
    $0.200  $ 343 $ 500  $ 1,000  $ 1,500  $ 2,000
    $0.225  $ 386 $ 563  $ 1,125  $ 1,688  $ 2,250
    $0.250  $ 428 $ 625  $ 1,250  $ 1,875  $ 2,500
    $0.275  $ 471 $ 688  $ 1,375  $ 2,063  $ 2,750
    $0.300  $ 514 $ 750  $ 1,500  $ 2,250  $ 3,000
    Using this chart prior to buying a pump can save the price of the pump.

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         Metering Water Flow

    Two simple ways to consider: Use of a flow meter or timing the required time to fill a 5-gallon bucket.

    Flow Meter

    Consider purchasing a flow meter and installing it in the plumbing of your system. This is usually considered the most accurate method since different valve settings in a system can alter the pressure and intern effect the flow to a given point. Installing a flow meter is easy and is beneficial to have installed in line of the U.V. light to achieve optimal performance from the U.V. light. Providing your system has a U.V. light installed. Click here for more flow meter information.

    Timing to fill a 5-gallon bucket

    Timing how long in takes to fill a 5-gallon bucket may seen a bit crude, yet does work. It’s simple and only requires timing the seconds it takes to fill one 5-gallon bucket. Next, compare this time to the table below for an accurate flow of water.  

    Flow rates using a 5-gallon bucket

    Seconds

    GPM

    GPH

    1

    300

    18,000

    2

    150

    9,000

    3

    100

    6,000

    4

    75

    4,500

    5

    60

    3,600

    6

    50

    3,000

    7

    43

    2,570

    8

    37.5

    2,250

    9

    33.3

    2,000

    10

    30

    1,800

    11

    27.2

    1,636

    12

    25

    1,500

    13

    23

    1,384

    14

    21.4

    1,285

    15

    20

    1,200

    20

    15

    900

    25

    12

    720

    30

    10

    600

    35

    8.6

    515

    40

    7.5

    450

    45

    6.7

    400

    50

    6

    360

    55

    5.5

    325

    60

    5

    300

    70

    4.3

    257

    80

    3.75

    225

    90

    3.33

    200

    100

    3

    180

    150

    2

    120

    200

    1.5

    90

    300

    1

    60

    Ponds from a home show

          See more pond pictures in the Gallery...

    waterflow over rocks acts as a bio-filter
            

     

    		 Pipe Flow rates


    Rates are under pumped pressure.

     

     

     

    Rock waterfalls, turn them off during colder winter to keep from drawing the cold temp. into the pond water.
           One of SkagiTek's Waterfall

     

     

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    Calibration Units

    GPM

    		 U.S. Gallons Per Minute

    GPH

    		 U.S. Gallons Per Hour

    GPD

    		 U.S. Gallons Per Day

    LPM

    		 Liters Per Minute

    LPH

    		 Liters Per Hour

    LPD

    		 Liters Per Day

    MLM

    		 Milliliters Per Minute

    OZM

    		 U.S. Ounces Per Minute

    SCFM

    		 Standard Cubic Feet Per Minute

    SCFH

    		 Standard Cubic Feet Per Hour

    M3H

    		 Cubic Meters Per Hour

    Manage Water

    To learn more about water, visit Roark's Experimental Puddle web site. A Haven For Serious Koi-Nerds. www.click2roark.com 

    A website dedicated to providing advanced Koi keepers with the serious tools, medicines, support chemicals and technical information needed to successfully manage Koi health, disease, and water quality issues. 

    It does require being registered, and it is well worth visiting and book marking. Its also FREE!

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    Usage of all the above information should be done only as a guide. 
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